Brief geomorphological and geographical dictionary
A brief explanation of some geomorphological and geographical terms
Geomorphology - glossary
| Slovak | English | |
|---|---|---|
| Brána | Gate (Brána) | landmark deepened geomorphological unit linking two adjacent deepened geomorphological units of a larger area. The bottom of the gate has mostly a plane or a flat hill character. |
| Brázda | Furrow (Brázda) | relatively narrow, expressively elongated depression with flat bottom |
| Dolina | Valley | elongated, bottom unclosed depression (reduction) |
| Hora | Mount, Mountain-high (Hora) | ridge with tree vegetation (with forest stand) |
| Hornatina | Heights, Highland (Hornatina) | territory with a very heavily rugged georelief with predominant vertical articulation from 311 to 640 m |
| Hornatina | Heights, Highlands (Hornatina) | territory with a very strong, rugged geo-relief |
| Hrebeň | Ridge (Hrebeň) | elongated ridge with a sharp, often rocky top part |
| Chrbát | Ridge (Chrbát) | elongated ridge with significant marginal slopes and rounded or flat top part |
| Jama | Hollow (Jama) | smaller closed depression (reduction) |
| Jaskyňa | Cave (Jaskyňa) | larger cavern beneath the Earth's surface |
| Kaňon | Canyon (Kaňon) | deep valley with steep slopes and flat bottom |
| Klenba | Vault, saddle (Klenba) | large, oblong elevation of the oval to circular plan view |
| Kotlina | Basin (Kotlina) | distinctive relief, surrounded by all sides with a higher relief, with a flat or slightly wavy bottom. |
| Kráter | Crater (Kráter) | closed depression bordered by ridged mound |
| Kužeľ | Cone (Kužeľ) | ridge similar to the cone shell, resp. to its part |
| Masív | Massif (Masív) | massive mountain or high-mountain whole, its length and width are roughly the same |
| Močiar | Swamp (Močiar) | Swamp is a wetland, a waterlogget territory, which is forested |
| Mokraď | Wetland (Mokraď) | wetland is area permanently or most of the time saturated with water either permanently or seasonally, constituting characteristics ecosystem |
| Niva | Flood plain (Niva) | flood plain or river flood-plain - the bottom of the river valley |
| Nížina | Lowland | Territory at an altitude of up to 300 m. a.s.l. with a flat or hilly georelief. (in the world most commonly used altitude limit is 200 m. a.s.l. ) |
| Pahorkatina | Hills, hill-country (Pahorkatina) | territory with a wavy georelief with predominant vertical range of 31 to 100 m |
| Pahorok | Uphill (Pahorok) | small elevation with slight piedmont and gentle slopes |
| Panva | Basin (Panva) | large shallow deprssion, surrounded by all sides by higher georelief, with a flat or slightly wavy bottom |
| Planina | Plain (Planina) | plateau at a higher altitude, usually in the area of highlands and heights (highlands) |
| Plošina | Plateau (Plošina) | territory with flat or very slightly wavy georelief in the surrounding more rugged territory, usually separated by slope from the respective erosive base |
| Podhorie | Foothill (Podhorie) | territory of highland or hilly character, developingly connected with neighboring heights , highland, mountains |
| Podolie | Valley (podolie) | valley, vale, plain |
| Pohorie | Mountains | general designation of a large mountain ridge, with heights resp. highland character |
| Predhorie | Piedmont-hills, foothills (Predhorie) | continual lower mountain that spreads over its own mountain massif |
| Priesmyk | Mountain pass | significant reduction of the continuous mountain back with a deeply cut saddle or valley |
| Rovina | Flat, lowland (Rovina) | territory with a flat or slightly wavy georelief with predominant vertical articulation up to 30 m |
| Ryha | Groove, Furrow (Ryha) | narrow narrow reduction (depression) of smaller dimensions |
| Sedlo | Saddle | lowest point on the back or the ridge between the two ridges |
| Svah | Slope,Acclivity (Svah) | tilted, sloped part of georelief |
| Tabuľa | Platform, Plateau, Tableland (Tabuľa) | territory of platform character |
| Terasa (Terasy) | Terrace (Terrace land) - Terasa (Terasy) | bench elevation in a georelief composed of a platform and a acclivitous, steep slope |
| Tiesňava | Gorge, Gulley, Narrow passage (Tiesňava) | part of the valley with steep slopes, with the bottom most often filled by watercourse in the whole width, and with a significant valley |
| Úpätie | Piedmont (Úpätie) | The area at the intersection of two different inclined georelief areas at the border of the depression and the elevation (ridge) |
| Úval | Hollow, depression (Úval) | A landmark depression (socket), mostly tectonic, usually with elongated shape, on one or both ends open, with a wide bottom with a predominantly small height (up to 75 m) |
| Val | Mound, Extended Ridge (Val) | stretched ridge in a flat area |
| Veľhornatina | High mountains over 1 500 m (Veľhornatina) | territory with an exceptionally rugged georelief with a prevailing vertical articulation of over 641 m |
| Vrch, Štít | Mount, Peak | ridge - elevation of larger dimensions in the highlands, generally with a relative height above 150 m |
| Vrchovina | Highlands (Vrchovina) | territory with a broken georelief with predominant vertical range from 101 to 310 m |
| Vysočina | Upland (Vysočina) | area at an altitude above 300 m (low 301 - 800 m, medium 801 - 1 500 m, high above 1 501 m). In the world, the lower altitude limit is 200 meters |
| Zníženina | Depression (Zníženina, depresia) | territory (relief form) with an altitude less than that in its vicinity. Relatively lower (deepened, reduced) part of the georelief. Negative form of georelief |
| Zráz | Cliff (Zráz) | steep inclined slope with a angle (slope) generally greater than 35 ° |
| Zrub | Zrub | very steep (almost vertical) slope |